Basic Biochemistry

Daffodil International University Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Faculty of Health and Life Sciences B. Sc. (Hons.) in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Midterm Examination Fall 2026 Course Code: 0512-1301 Course Title: Basic Biochemistry Level and Term: L-1, T-3 Section: 261 A Course Teacher Initials: DMI Time: 1 Hour 30 Minutes Total Marks: 25 Answer the following questions: 1 (a) Illustrate the chemical structures of milk sugar and cane sugar. [CLO2, PLO2, C1] 2.0 (b) Classify carbohydrates with suitable examples. Explain the formation of a glycosidic bond with a chemical structure. [CLO2, PLO2, C2] 3.0 2 (a) Define pH and buffer solution. Describe the physical and chemical properties of water. [CLO1, PLO1, C6] 2.5 (b) Define the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation. A buffer contains 0.15 M NH3 and 0.30 M NH4+. The measured pOH is 4.45. Calculate pKb. [CLO1, PLO1, C1] 2.5 3 (a) Distinguish among the three polysaccharides: starch, glycogen, and cellulose. [CLO2, PLO2, C4] 2.5 (b) Describe the major dietary sources of carbohydrates and briefly explain their biological functions. [CLO2, PLO2, C6] 2.5 4 (a) Define triglyceride and draw its general chemical structure. Classify lipids with a suitable example for each class. [CLO2, PLO2, C1] 2.5 (b) What are lipids? Briefly discuss the importance of lipids in living organisms. [CLO2, PLO2, C6] 2.5 5 (a) State the term Biochemistry. Briefly discuss the scope of Biochemistry in Biotechnology. [CLO1, PLO1, C6] 2.5 (b) Explain the role of biochemistry in the development of medicines and improvement of agriculture. [CLO1, PLO1, C2] 2.5