Metabolism

Daffodil International University Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Faculty of Health and Life Sciences B. Sc. (Hons.) in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Midterm Examination Fall 2026 Course Code: 0512-2107 Course Title: Metabolism Level and Term: L2, T1 Section: 253 (A+B) Course Teacher Initials: DMI & AR Time: 1 Hour 30 Minutes Total Marks: 25 Answer the Following Questions: Marks (a) Define metabolism and identify the major mechanisms involved in regulating metabolic pathways. [CLO1, PLO1, C1] 2.5 (b) Compare anabolism and catabolism in terms of their purposes, energy requirements, and roles in cellular metabolism. [CLO1, PLO1, C4] 2.5 Explain the pathway of glycolysis, identifying its intermediates, enzymes, and energy-producing steps. [CLO3, PLO2, C2] 5.0 (a) Evaluate the aerobic and anaerobic fates of pyruvate in terms of ATP production, and physiological significance. [CLO1, PLO1, C5] 3.0 (b) Illustrate the TCA cycle, indicating its substrates, intermediates, enzymes, and products at each step. [CLO3, PLO2, C3] 2.0 (a) Explain transamination with a suitable biochemical reaction, marking the substrates, products, and enzyme involved. [CLO3, PLO1, C2] 2.0 (b) Discuss the urea cycle, showing its major intermediates, enzymes, and the sequence of reactions. [CLO3, PLO2, C6] 3.0 (a) What is lipid metabolism? Analyze the major pathways of lipid metabolism. [CLO1, PLO2, C4] 2.5 (b) Elaborate the process of β-oxidation, showing the sequence of reactions, enzymes, and products. [CLO3, PLO2, C6] 2.5