Molecular Biology

Daffodil International University Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Faculty of Health and Life Sciences B. Sc. (Hons.) in Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Midterm Examination Fall 2026 Course Code: 0512-2101 Course Title: Molecular Biology Level and Term: L2, T1 Section: 253 (A+B) Course Teacher Initials: DNH & SBN Time: 1 Hour 30 minutes Total Marks: 25 Marks (a) Illustrate the structure of dsDNA. Which is more chemically stable, DNA or RNA, and why? [CLO1, PLO2, C1] 3 (b) Shortly describe the cruciform structure of DNA? [CLO1, PLO2, C3] 2 (a) Draw the nucleotide structure of the RNA sequence 5'-UCG-3', showing the sugar-phosphate backbone and the nitrogenous bases in the correct order. [CLO1, PLO1, C5] 3 (b) Briefly describe the applications of hybridization kinetics. [CLO2, PLO1, C4] 2 (a) DNA Replication is a semi-conservative biological process', justify. [CLO2, PLO1, C2] 2 (b) State the types of DNA replication. Briefly describe the initiation step of DNA replication. [CLO1, PLO2, C1] 3 (a) How do telomeres protect essential genetic information during repeated cell divisions in eukaryotes? [CLO1, PLO1, C1] 2 (b) Explain the replication mechanism of a negative-sense RNA viral genome. [CLO1, PLO2, C6] 3 (a) Describe the catalytic mechanism of RNA polymerase during transcription. [CLO2, PLO2, C2] 2.5 (b) Explain the mechanism of RNA splicing. [CLO2, PLO2, C6] 2.5